Otok Robben

Otok Robben (afrikaans: Robbeneiland, što znači "Otok tuljana") je otok u zaljevu Tafelbaai ispred Južnoafričkog grada Kaapstada (6,9 km od njegovog obalnog predgrađa Bloubergstrand), pokrajina Western Cape.

On je ovalnog oblika promjera 3,3 km od sjevera prema jugu i 1,9 km širine, te ima površinu od od 5,07 km². Otok je ravan i zbog djelovanja erozije uzdiže se tek nekoliko metara iznad mora. Sastoji se od prekambrijskih metamorfnih stijena koje pripadaju skupini Malmesbury.

Ipak, otok je najpoznatiji po svojoj upotrebi, jer je od sredine 17. naizmjence korišten kao zatvor, bolnica za neprihvaćene i kolonija gubavaca (1845.-1931.), i vojna baza (1936.-59.). Od 17. stoljeća nadalje su sačuvani ostaci kamenoloma, grobnica Hadije Kramata (prvog imama Kaapstadta koji je tu zatočen 1740-ih) iz 1755. godine i selo iz 19. stoljeća s upravnim zgradama, kapelom i župom, malenim svjetionikom i crkvom za gubavce koja je jedini ostatak kolonije gubavaca. Stare vojne građevine oko luke su nastale za Drugog svjetskog rata, dok su zgrade strogog zatvora nastale za vrijeme aparthejda 1960-ih. Ove zgrade koje su služile kao zatvor maksimalne sigurnosti za političke zatvorenike u vrijeme aparthejda, kao što su bivši predsjednik Južnoafričke Republike i dobitnik nobelove nagrade za mir, Nelson Mandela, ali i brojni drugi kao što je bivši predsjednik, Kgalema Motlanthe, te sadašnji predsjednik, Jacob Zuma.

Simbolična vrijednost otoka se očituje u njegovoj tmurnoj prošlosti kada je služio kao bolnica za nesretnike koje je društvo odbacilo kao nepoželjne, ali i kao zatvor za političke zatvorenike aparthejda. To se okončalo u 1990-ima kada je Južnoafrički narod odbacio nehumanu politiku aparthejda i oslobodio dugogodišnje zatvorenike otoka Robben. Od 1996. godine se razvio u muzej. God. 1999., otok Robben je upisan na UNESCO-v popis mjesta svjetske baštine u Africi jer "mjesto gdje je trijumfirala demokracija i sloboda usprkos rasizmu i opresiji".

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Nate S
15 February 2016
All of the tour guides are former political prisoners; very cool! Be sure to buy tickets well in advance online (I bought mine before I even arrived in Cape Town). Tour takes 4 hours with return.
Jessica M.
9 January 2018
Nelson Mandela’s former prison. Definitely worth seeing if you’re in Cape Town - learn some important history of the area and get some incredible views while you’re at it.
Lindsey Warren
19 October 2015
The guides are very informative and have personal connections to the history. Get to the ferry early for an outdoor seat/bonus views of Cape Town from the water.
Driaan Jordaan
10 November 2018
Take a short boat ride from the V&A Waterfront to Robben Island. Visit the prison where Nelson Mandela was incarcerated for 18 years as well as other historic monuments on the island.
RespTourismSA
27 August 2013
From the 17th to the 20th centuries, Robben Island served as a place of banishment, isolation and imprisonment. It is a World Heritage Site, a poignant reminder of the price paid for freedom.
Susan Loh
24 February 2018
Worth going to get a taste of history, but know that the ferries might run behind schedule and the tour is very scripted.
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